đ Forecasting āĻেāĻāύিāĻ
Forecasting (āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏ) āĻšāϞো āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤে āĻী āĻāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϤা āĻ āύুāĻŽাāύ āĻŦা āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻĒ্āϰāĻ্āϰিāϝ়া। āĻāĻি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦেāϰ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ, āĻ্āϰেāύ্āĻĄ, āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻাāϰ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻāĻĒাāĻĻাāύ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ়। āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏা āĻ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύাāϝ় āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ, āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻি āĻāĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻāϞ্āĻĒāύা, āĻŦাāĻেāĻ āϤৈāϰি, āĻāĻŦং āĻুঁāĻি āĻŽোāĻাāĻŦেāϞাāϝ় āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ āĻšāϝ়। āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύ (50×320)
đ Forecasting āĻেāĻāύিāĻ
Drivers & Checklist for effective financial planning
| Category | Drivers | Checklist |
|---|---|---|
| Sales | Annual growth rate, Seasonality factors, One-time revenues, Historical sales data, Economy growth | Review historical records on sold quantities, per products, customers; Review historical prices, per products and factors impacting prices; Analyze customer contracts, retention rate and customer churn; Utilize industry reports, market research, and external data sources |
| COGS & Gross Profit | Prices of raw materials, Gross margin rate, Economies of scale, Suppliers discounts | Review historical records; Review movement in purchase prices; Analyze contract with suppliers; Analyze gross profit rate on unit or product basis |
| Headcount | Business Growth, Strategic Initiatives, Turnover Rate, Recruitment Time, Skills and Competencies | Review historical headcount records, new comers, fluctuation etc.; Discuss workforce demand with HR heads; Level of workforce is aligned with company objectives |
| Salaries | Inflation, Industry benchmark, Regulatory changes, Company earnings, Skills and Competencies | Make ratio check: Salary share in costs, share in revenues etc; Gather information about salaries industry benchmarks; Consider one-time costs, bonus accruals, stimulations, overtime pay |
| Variable Expenses | Sales and production volume, Cost variability, Improvement in efficiency, Technology leverage | Analyze historical data to identify patterns and set a trends; Review contract with vendors; Identify possibilities of production process improvement, minimizing waste and shortages |
| Fixed Expenses | Supply price changes, Professional service demand, Inflation, Operational growth | Review recurring costs in agreements; Gather information about salaries industry benchmarks; Gather historical data, patterns and make a trends |
| Capex | Capital budget and plans, Replacement of existing assets, Sales plan | Make sure you obtain relevant fixed asset database (PPE, IP); Validate useful life and depreciation rates; New investment discussed with CEO/CFO, value, useful life etc. |
| Net Working Capital | Payment terms, Production cycle duration, Using level of NWC to improve margins | Organize meeting with department heads to identify expected payment terms, changes in process of production, potential efficiency improvements; Approach the factors that can impact DSO, DPO and DIO in future |
| Debt and Interest | Loan covenants, Current loan schedules, New loans plans, Factors impacting variable interest rates | Organize meeting with CFO/CEO discussing new loans for investment; Make sure any planning of debt is in line with company objectives and strategy; Check possibilities of refinancing for better conditions |
āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻুāϞāϏেāϰ āϤাāϞিāĻা
āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻŦা āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻুāϞāϏ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ়, āϝা āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞāĻে āϏāĻ িāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻ āύুāĻŽাāύ āĻāϰāϤে āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ āĻšāϝ়। āύিāĻে āĻিāĻু āĻāύāĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻুāϞāϏেāϰ āϤাāϞিāĻা āĻĻেāĻāϝ়া āĻšāϞো:
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Microsoft Excel
āϏāĻšāĻে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰāϝোāĻ্āϝ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻাāϰ্āĻিং āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻĒāϝোāĻী। āĻāĻ্āϏেāϞে āĻŽুāĻিং āĻāĻাāϰেāĻ, āĻ্āϰেāύ্āĻĄ āϞাāĻāύ āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻāϰা āϝাāϝ়।
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Google Sheets
āĻāĻ্āϏেāϞেāϰ āĻŽāϤোāĻ, āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻি āĻ āύāϞাāĻāύে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰেāϰ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻĻেāϝ়। āĻোāϞাāĻŦোāϰেāĻļāύ āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻšāĻে āĻĄেāĻা āĻļেāϝ়াāϰিং-āĻāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻĒāϝোāĻী।
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SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences)
āĻĒāϰিāϏংāĻ্āϝাāύ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāύāĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϤৈāϰিāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āϝাāϝ়।
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R Programming
āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻĒেāύ āϏোāϰ্āϏ āĻĒ্āϰোāĻ্āϰাāĻŽিং āϞ্āϝাāĻ্āĻুāϝ়েāĻ āϝা āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিংāϝ়েāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
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Python
āĻĄেāĻা āϏাāϝ়েāύ্āϏ āĻ āĻŽেāĻļিāύ āϞাāϰ্āύিং āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϤৈāϰিāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāύāĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰোāĻ্āϰাāĻŽিং āĻাāώা, āϝেāĻাāύে āĻĒ্āϝাāύ্āĻĄাāϏ, āύ্āϝাāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻ, āĻŽেāĻāĻĒ্āϞāĻāϞিāĻŦ, āĻāĻŦং āϏ্āĻাāĻāϞাāϰ্āύ āϞাāĻāĻŦ্āϰেāϰিāĻুāϞি āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিংāϝ়েāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻĒāϝোāĻী।
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āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύ (50×320)
Tableau
āĻĄেāĻা āĻিāĻ্āϝুāϝ়াāϞাāĻāĻেāĻļāύ āϏāĻĢāĻāĻāϝ়্āϝাāϰ, āϝা āĻĄেāĻাāĻে āϏāĻšāĻে āĻ্āϰাāĻĢিāĻ্āϝাāϞি āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻĄেāĻা āĻĨেāĻে āĻ্āϰেāύ্āĻĄ āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ।
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Power BI
āĻŽাāĻāĻ্āϰোāϏāĻĢāĻেāϰ āĻĄেāĻা āĻিāĻ্āϝুāϝ়াāϞাāĻāĻেāĻļāύ āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিংāϝ়েāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।
āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύ (50×320)
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IBM Watson Analytics
āĻāĻāĻি AI-āĻিāϤ্āϤিāĻ āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ, āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏ, āĻāĻŦং āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤ āĻ্āϰāĻšāĻŖে āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ।
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SAP Analytics Cloud
āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏাāϝ়িāĻ āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ SAP-āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻুāϞ।
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Minitab
āĻĒāϰিāϏংāĻ্āϝাāύ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻোāϝ়াāϞিāĻি āĻāύ্āĻ্āϰোāϞেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϤৈāϰিāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে।
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āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύ (50×320)
Oracle Crystal Ball
āϏিāĻŽুāϞেāĻļāύ āĻ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦাāĻাāϏেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻুঁāĻি āĻ āĻ āύিāĻļ্āĻāϝ়āϤা āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖে āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ।
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Forecast Pro
āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং-āĻāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦিāĻļেāώাāϝ়িāϤ āĻুāϞ, āϝা āϏāĻšāĻে āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϤৈāϰি āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻāϰāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে।
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JMP
āĻĄেāĻা āĻŦিāĻļ্āϞেāώāĻŖ āĻ āĻিāĻ্āϝুāϝ়াāϞাāĻāĻেāĻļāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻুāϞ, āϝা āĻĢোāϰāĻাāϏ্āĻিং āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰিāϏংāĻ্āϝাāύ āĻŽāĻĄেāϞিংāϝ়েāϰ āĻāύ্āϝāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϝ়।